Exercise
37: Relative Clauses (page : 138)
1. The last record which produced by this company became a gold record.
2. Checking accounts that require a minimum balance are very common now.
3. The professor whose you spoke yesterday is not here today.
4. John whose grades are the highest in the school, has received a scholarship.
5. Felipe bought a camera that has three lenses.
6. Frank is the man who we are going to nominate Frank for the office of treasurer.
7. The doctor is with a patient whose leg was broken in an accident.
8. Jane is the woman who is going to China next year.
9. Janet wants a typewriter whose self-corrects.
10. This book that I found last week, contains some useful information.
11. Mr. Bryant whose team has lost the game, looks very sad.
12. James wrote an article whose indicated that he disliked the president.
13. The director of the program whose graduated from Harvard University, is planning to retire next year.
14. This is the book that I have been looking for all year.
15. William whose brother is a lawyer, wants to become a judge.
Exercise 38: Relative Clauses Reduction (page : 139)
1. George is the man chosen to represent the committee at the convention.
2. All of the money accepted has already been released.
3. The papers on the table belong to Patricia.
4. The man brought to the police station confessed to the crime.
5. The girl drinking coffee is Mary Allen.
6. John's wife, a professor, has written several papers on this subject.
7. The man talking to the policeman is my uncle.
8. The book on the top shelf is the one that I need.
9. The number of students have been counted is quite high.
10. Leo Evans, a doctor, eats in this restaurant every day.
1. The last record which produced by this company became a gold record.
2. Checking accounts that require a minimum balance are very common now.
3. The professor whose you spoke yesterday is not here today.
4. John whose grades are the highest in the school, has received a scholarship.
5. Felipe bought a camera that has three lenses.
6. Frank is the man who we are going to nominate Frank for the office of treasurer.
7. The doctor is with a patient whose leg was broken in an accident.
8. Jane is the woman who is going to China next year.
9. Janet wants a typewriter whose self-corrects.
10. This book that I found last week, contains some useful information.
11. Mr. Bryant whose team has lost the game, looks very sad.
12. James wrote an article whose indicated that he disliked the president.
13. The director of the program whose graduated from Harvard University, is planning to retire next year.
14. This is the book that I have been looking for all year.
15. William whose brother is a lawyer, wants to become a judge.
Exercise 38: Relative Clauses Reduction (page : 139)
1. George is the man chosen to represent the committee at the convention.
2. All of the money accepted has already been released.
3. The papers on the table belong to Patricia.
4. The man brought to the police station confessed to the crime.
5. The girl drinking coffee is Mary Allen.
6. John's wife, a professor, has written several papers on this subject.
7. The man talking to the policeman is my uncle.
8. The book on the top shelf is the one that I need.
9. The number of students have been counted is quite high.
10. Leo Evans, a doctor, eats in this restaurant every day.
DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
As the name
suggests, these clauses give essential information to define or identify the
person or thing we are talking about. Obviously, this is only necessary if
there is more than one person or thing involved.
Examples
·
Dogs that like cats
are very unusual.
In this sentence
we understand that there are many dogs, but it is clear that we are only
talking about the ones that
like cats.
Punctuation
·
Commas are not used in defining relative
clauses.
Relative pronouns
The following relative pronouns are used in defining relative
clauses:
|
|
Person
|
Thing
|
Place
|
Time
|
Reason
|
|
Subject
|
who/that
|
which/that
|
|||
|
Object
|
who/whom/that/
|
which/that/
|
where
|
when
|
why
|
|
Possessive
|
whose
|
whose
|
|
|
|
Notes:
1.
The relative pronoun stands
in place of a noun.
This noun
usually appears earlier in the sentence:
|
The woman
|
who/that
|
spoke at the meeting
|
was very knowledgeable.
|
|
Noun,
subject of
main clause |
relative
pronoun referring to 'the woman', subject of 'spoke'
|
verb +
rest of relative clause
|
verb +
rest of main clause
|
2.
Who, whom and which can be replaced by that. This is very common in spoken English.
3.
The relative pronoun can be omitted when it is the object of the clause
|
The woman
|
that
|
the man loved
|
was living in New York.
|
|
Noun,
subject of main clause
|
relative
pronoun, referring to 'the woman', object of 'loved'
|
verb +
rest of relative clause
|
verb +
rest of main clause.
|
(You can
usually decide whether a relative pronoun is an object because it is normally
followed by another subject + verb.)
4. Whose is used for things as well as for
people.
Examples
·
The man whose
car was stolen.
·
A tree whose
leaves have fallen.
5. Whom is very formal and is only used
in written English. You can use who/that,
or omit the pronoun completely :
·
The doctor whom/who/that/
I was hoping to see wasn't
on duty.
6. That normally follows words like something, anything, everything,
nothing, all, and
superlatives.
Examples
·
There's something that you should know.
·
It was the best film that I've ever
seen.
·
A clown is someone who makes you laugh.
·
An elephant is an animal that lives in hot countries.
·
The plums that
were in the fridge were
delicious. I have eaten them.
·
Where are the plums (that) I put in the fridge?
·
Has anyone seen the book I was reading?
·
Nothing that
anyone does can replace
my lost bag.
·
Let's go to a country where the sun always shines.
·
They live in the house whose roof is full of holes.
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