Kamis, 19 Juni 2014

Tugas Softskill Bulan ke 4


Exercise 37: Relative Clauses (page : 138)

1.   The last record which produced by this company became a gold record.
2.   Checking accounts that require a minimum balance are very common now.
3.   The professor whose you spoke yesterday is not here today.
4.   John whose grades are the highest in the school, has received a scholarship.
5.   Felipe bought a camera that has three lenses.
6.   Frank is the man who we are going to nominate Frank for the office of treasurer.
7.   The doctor is with a patient whose leg was broken in an accident.
8.   Jane is the woman who is going to China next year.
9.   Janet wants a typewriter whose self-corrects.
10. This book that I found last week, contains some useful information.
11. Mr. Bryant whose team has lost the game, looks very sad.
12. James wrote an article whose indicated that he disliked the president.
13. The director of the program whose graduated from Harvard University, is planning to retire next       year.
14. This is the book that I have been looking for all year.
15. William whose brother is a lawyer, wants to become a judge.


Exercise 38: Relative Clauses Reduction (page : 139)

1.  George is the man chosen to represent the committee at the convention.
2.  All of the money accepted has already been released.
3.  The papers on the table belong to Patricia.
4.  The man brought to the police station confessed to the crime.
5.  The girl drinking coffee is Mary Allen.
6.  John's wife, a professor, has written several papers on this subject.
7.  The man talking to the policeman is my uncle.
8.  The book on the top shelf is the one that I need.
9.  The number of students have been counted is quite high.
10. Leo Evans, a doctor, eats in this restaurant every day.

DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

As the name suggests, these clauses give essential information to define or identify the person or thing we are talking about. Obviously, this is only necessary if there is more than one person or thing involved.

Examples

·         Dogs that like cats are very unusual.
In this sentence we understand that there are many dogs, but it is clear that we are only talking about the ones that like cats.
Punctuation
·         Commas are not used in defining relative clauses.
Relative pronouns
The following relative pronouns are used in defining relative clauses:

Person
Thing
Place
Time
Reason
Subject
who/that
which/that



Object
who/whom/that/
which/that/
where
when
why
Possessive
whose
whose



Notes:
1.       The relative pronoun stands in place of a noun.
This noun usually appears earlier in the sentence:
The woman
who/that
spoke at the meeting
was very knowledgeable.
Noun, subject of
main clause
relative pronoun referring to 'the woman', subject of 'spoke'
verb + rest of relative clause
verb + rest of main clause
2.       Who, whom and which can be replaced by that. This is very common in spoken English.
3.       The relative pronoun can be omitted when it is the object of the clause
The woman
that
the man loved
was living in New York.
Noun, subject of main clause
relative pronoun, referring to 'the woman', object of 'loved'
verb + rest of relative clause
verb + rest of main clause.
(You can usually decide whether a relative pronoun is an object because it is normally followed by another subject + verb.)
4. Whose is used for things as well as for people.

Examples

·         The man whose car was stolen.
·         A tree whose leaves have fallen.
5. Whom is very formal and is only used in written English. You can use who/that, or omit the pronoun completely :
·         The doctor whom/who/that/ I was hoping to see wasn't on duty.
6. That normally follows words like something, anything, everything, nothing, all, and superlatives.

Examples

·         There's something that you should know.
·         It was the best film that I've ever seen.
·         A clown is someone who makes you laugh.
·         An elephant is an animal that lives in hot countries.
·         The plums that were in the fridge were delicious. I have eaten them.
·         Where are the plums (that) I put in the fridge?
·         Has anyone seen the book I was reading?
·         Nothing that anyone does can replace my lost bag.
·         Let's go to a country where the sun always shines.
·         They live in the house whose roof is full of holes.

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